Indlela Yokubala Iindleko Zokuthumela Xa Ungenisa Izibane Ezinentambo Ezivela ETshayina

Ukungenisaizibane zentamboukusuka eTshayina kunokuba nexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu, kodwaiindleko zokuthumela zidla ngokudida abathengi abancinci nabaphakathiUmthwalo awuloxabiso linye elimiselweyo — ngumphumo wezinto ezininzi ezisebenzisanayo, kuquka indlela yokuthumela, ii-Incoterms, ubungakanani bomthwalo, kunye neentlawulo zokuya apho uya khona.

Kule khokelo, siyacazululaindlela ezibalwa ngayo iindleko zokuthumela izibane zentambo, zeziphi iifizi omele uzilindele, kunye nendlela yokuphepha imigibe eqhelekileyo yeendleko — ebhalwe ngokukodwaiimpawu ezizimeleyo, abathengisi ngobuninzi, kunye nabathengisi beAmazon.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Iindleko zokuthumela zixhomekeke kwiindlela yokuthutha impahla, ii-Incoterms, ubunzima, umthamo, kunye neentlawulo zeendawo ekuyiwa kuzo
• Imithwalo yolwandleixabisa kancinci kwiiodolo ezininzi;uloyiko lomoyaikhawuleza xa kuthunyelwa izinto ezingxamisekileyo okanye ezincinci
• Ubunzima obunobukhulu (bomthamo) budla ngokubaluleka ngaphezu kobunzima bokwenyani bezibane zentambo
• Cela rhoqoiikowuteshini eziquka konkeukuphepha amatyala afihliweyo

 

1. Khetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuthumela: Ukuhamba ngenqwelo moya xa kuthelekiswa nolwandle

Isigqibo sakho sokuqala seendleko kukuba uzithumela njani izibane zakho zentambo.

Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Elwandle (Eyona Ingcono Kwii-odolo Ezininzi)

Ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle lolona khetho lungabizi kakhulu kwizibane ze-LED ezithunyelwayo eziphakathi ukuya kwezinkulu.

Amaxesha aqhelekileyo okuhamba:

• ITshayina → Unxweme oluseNtshona lwase-US: iintsuku ezili-15–20
• ITshayina → Unxweme oluseMpuma lwaseMelika: iintsuku ezingama-25–35
• ITshayina → IYurophu: Iintsuku ezingama-25–45

Eyona ilungele:

• Izixa ezikhulu
• Ixabiso lokuthumela eliphantsi ngeyunithi nganye
• Ukuzaliswa kwakhona kwezinto ezikwi-inventory okungangxamisekanga

I-Air Freight & Express Courier (Eyona ilungileyo kwisantya)

Iinkonzo zokuhambisa impahla ngomoya kunye nezokuthutha impahla ngokukhawuleza (DHL, FedEx, UPS) zibonelela ngokuhanjiswa kwempahla ngokukhawuleza ngexabiso eliphezulu.

Amaxesha aqhelekileyo okuhamba:

• Ukuthuthwa ngomoya: iintsuku ezi-5–10
• I-courier ekhawulezayo: iintsuku ezi-3–7

Eyona ilungele:

• Iisampulu okanye iiodolo zovavanyo
• Ukuthunyelwa okuncinci, okunexabiso eliphezulu
• Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kweAmazon ngokukhawuleza

Icebiso: Abathengi abaninzi basebenzisa imithwalo yeenqwelo moya xa beqala uku-odola, baze batshintshele kwimithwalo yolwandle xa intengiso izinzile.

2. Qonda i-Incoterms: Ngubani ohlawulela ntoni?

I-Incoterms ichazaukwahlulwa kweendleko kunye noxanduvaphakathi komthengi nomthengisi. Ukukhetha igama elifanelekileyo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso lakho lilonke lokufika.

Ii-Incoterms eziqhelekileyo zokungenisa ii-String Light

• I-EXW (i-Ex Works)Umthengi uhlawula phantse yonke into — ixabiso lemveliso eliphantsi, kodwa ubunzima bezothutho buphezulu kakhulu
• I-FOB (Yasimahla eBhodini)Umthengisi ugubungela iindleko zokuthumela ngaphandle; umthengi ulawula ukuthunyelwa kwempahla okuphambili
• I-CIF (Iindleko, i-Inshurensi kunye neNqwelo-mali)Umthengisi ulungiselela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle; umthengi uphatha iindleko zokuya apho
• I-DAP (Ihanjiswa kwindawo)Iimpahla ezisiwe kwidilesi yakho, ngaphandle kwerhafu yokungenisa impahla
• I-DDP (Umrhumo Ohanjisiweyo Ohlawulweyo)Umthengisi uphatha yonke into — ixabiso lilonke lilula kodwa lihlala liphezulu

Kwabaninzi abangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe abancinci, i-FOB inikezela ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula iindleko kunye nokungafihli nto.

3. Ubunzima, Umthamo kunye noBunzima (Kubaluleke kakhulu)

Iinkampani zokuthumela zihlawulisa ngokusekelweubunzima obuphezulu bokwenyani okanye ubunzima obulinganayo.

Indlela Obalwa Ngayo Ubunzima Bomlinganiselo

Kuba izibane zentambo zihlalainkulu kodwa ilula, ubunzima obunobukhulu budla ngokubangela iindleko.

Umzekelo:

• Ubunzima bokwenyani: 10 kg
• Ubungakanani bebhokisi: 50 × 50 × 50 cm
• Ubunzima bomlinganiselo: ~21 kg

Uza kuhlawuliswa ngenxa21 kg, hayi i-10 kg.

Ukuphucula ubungakanani bekhathoni kunye nokupakishwa kwayo kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokuthutha impahla.

4. Uhlalutyo lweeCandelo zeendleko zoThutho

Iindleko zokuthumela ziquka okungaphezulu nje kokuthunyelwa kwempahla elwandle okanye emoyeni.

Iintlawulo zemvelaphi (icala laseTshayina)

• Ifektri → ukuthuthwa kwezibuko
• Ukususwa kwerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle
• Iindleko zokuphatha isiphelo sendlela
• Imirhumo yamaxwebhu

Iindleko eziphambili zempahla

• Ukuthutha impahla elwandle okanye emoyeni
• Iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo zepetroli (i-BAF, i-LSS, intlawulo eyongezelelweyo yepetroli yomoya)
• Iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo zexesha lonyaka eliphambili
• Ukunyuka kwezinga eliqhelekileyo (i-GRI)

Iindleko zeNdawo

• ukususwa kwerhafu yokungenisa impahla
• Iindleko zokuphatha iiterminal
• Ukukhulula impahla echwebeni okanye kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya
• Ukuhanjiswa kwendawo yokugcina impahla
• Ukugcina, ukunciphisa ixesha, okanye ukugcinwa (ukuba kulibaziseke)

Imirhumo yeRhafu kunye neeRhafu zokungenisa impahla

• Ngokusekelwe kuhlelo lwekhowudi ye-HS
• Izinga lerhafu yokungenisa impahla liyahluka ngokwamazwe
• I-VAT / i-GST ibalwa kwimveliso + imithwalo + umrhumo

 Iikhowudi ze-HS ezingalunganga okanye ukungaxatyiswa kwexabiso kunokubangela ukulibaziseka kunye nezohlwayo.

5. Indlela yokufumana iikowuteshini zokuthumela ezichanekileyo

Nika Iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo zeMveliso

• Igama lemveliso kunye nezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo
• Ikhowudi ye-HS
• Ubungakanani bebhokisi kunye nobunzima
• Ubungakanani obupheleleyo

Qinisekisa i-Incoterms kunye nedilesi yokuHanjiswa

Soloko uchaza ngokucacileyo oku:

• Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Incoterm (i-FOB, i-CIF, i-DDP, njl.njl.)
• Idilesi yokugqibela yokuhanjiswa (indawo yokugcina impahla, iAmazon FBA, 3PL)

Thelekisa ii-Travel Forwarders ezininzi

Musa ukukhetha ngokusekelwe kwixabiso kuphela. Vavanya:

• Ukucaca kweendleko
• Amava okuthumela ngaphandle eTshayina
• Isantya sonxibelelwano
• Ubuchule bokulandelela

Cela Iingcaphuno Ezibandakanya Bonke

Isiceloamaxabiso emnyango ukuya emnyangooko kuquka:

• Ukuthutha impahla
• Ukususwa ozenzele kona
• Iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo zepetroli
• Ukuhanjiswa kwasekhaya
• I-inshurensi (ukuba iyafuneka)

Oku kuthintela iindleko zokungalindelwa kamva.

Iingcinga Zokugqibela

Ukubala iindleko zokuthumela izibane zentambo ezivela eTshayina kufuna ukuqondaiindlela zokuthutha impahla, ii-Incoterms, ubunzima obulinganayo, kunye neentlawulo ezifihliweyoNgokulungiselela ngokuchanekileyo, ungaqikelela ngokuchanekileyo iindleko zakho zomhlaba kwaye uphephe izinto ezingalindelekanga ezingalindelekanga.

Ukuba ufuna izibane ze-LED string kwaye ufunaiindlela zokuthumela ezicacileyo, ubungakanani beodolo eguquguqukayo, kunye namaxabiso acacileyo, ukusebenza nomthengisi onamava kunokwenza inkqubo ibe lula kakhulu.

FAQ

Ndingazinciphisa njani iindleko zokuthumela izibane zentambo ezivela eTshayina?
Lungiselela ukupakisha, thumela iivolumu ezinkulu ngolwandle, khetha amagama e-FOB, kwaye uthelekise iikowuteshini ezininzi zokudlulisela.

Yeyiphi i-Incoterm efanelekileyo kubaqalayo?
I-FOB idla ngokuba yeyona ilungileyo yokulawula iindleko; i-DDP ilula ukuba ukhetha ukulula.

Kutheni ubunzima obulinganayo bubalulekile kwizibane zentambo ze-LED?
Ngenxa yokuba izibane zentambo zinkulu, abathwali badla ngokuhlawulisa ngokusekwe kumthamo endaweni yobunzima bokwenyani, nto leyo enyusa iindleko ukuba ukupakisha akusebenzanga kakuhle.